arkdecompiler

arkdecompiler is the decompiler for HarmonyOS NEXT(纯血鸿蒙反编译器), which takes Panda Binary File as input, parses Panda Bytecode, and then translates it into Panda IR. After having IR, we can do various analyses. Based on IR, we reversely construct the native ArkTS AST tree, and then we traverse the AST tree and translate it into native ArkTS source code.

• 2025 Black Hat, USA
• 2026 Black Hat, ASIA
• 2026 Black Hat, USA

🤝 Developer Community

🏠 QQ Group: 122560868

Schedule

• ✅ Support all instructions
• ✅ Implement a basic cross-platform GUI
• ⏳ Cover sufficient corner cases in the official compiler and test262

Cross-platform GUI

Decompilation is currently Linux-only, while disassembly is supported across all platforms. Please configure your environment’s command-line tools before use; you may refer to the default parameters as a guide.

📦 Download: Get the latest pre-compiled binaries for your platform from GitHub Releases

Installation

Tested platform

Ubuntu 22.04

In the future we will adapt to other development platforms such as (Windows, macOS).

Prepare environment

./prepare.sh(It will create the root directory **harmonyos**)

Clone arkdecompiler in harmonyos

cd harmonyos && git clone https://github.com/jd-opensource/arkdecompiler.git

• directory structure

  ➜  harmonyos ls
  ark.py  arkcompiler  arkdecompiler  build  developtools  docs  foundation  kernel  out  prebuilts  prebuilts_download.sh  third_party

Apply patches to arkcompiler and third_party

Apply patches to arkcompiler/runtime_core, arkcompiler/ets_frontend, and third_party/protobuf according to the patches.

Usage

Build the decompilation main program xabc

./build.sh

Prepare the source code file

Create demo.ts(refer tests directory)

Compilation && Decompilation

./run.sh(It will invoke genlogs.sh)

detailed description

• The compilation result is：demo.abc(generated by genlogs.sh)
• The decompilation result is：arkdemo.ts

Demo

Decompile bytecode to arkTS

AST

{
  "type": "Program",
  "statements": [
    {
      "type": "ExpressionStatement",
      "expression": {
        "type": "AssignmentExpression",
        "operator": "=",
        "left": {
          "type": "Identifier",
          "name": "v254",
          "loc": {
            "start": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            },
            "end": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            }
          }
        },
        "right": {
          "type": "Identifier",
          "name": "undefined",
          "loc": {
            "start": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            },
            "end": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            }
          }
        },
        "loc": {
          "start": {
            "line": 1,
            "column": 1
          },
          "end": {
            "line": 1,
            "column": 1
          }
        }
      },
      "loc": {
        "start": {
          "line": 1,
          "column": 1
        },
        "end": {
          "line": 1,
          "column": 1
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "type": "ExpressionStatement",
      "expression": {
        "type": "AssignmentExpression",
        "operator": "=",
        "left": {
          "type": "Identifier",
          "name": "c",
          "loc": {
            "start": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            },
            "end": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            }
          }
        },
        "right": {
          "type": "Identifier",
          "name": "v254",
          "loc": {
            "start": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            },
            "end": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            }
          }
        },
        "loc": {
          "start": {
            "line": 1,
            "column": 1
          },
          "end": {
            "line": 1,
            "column": 1
          }
        }
      },
      "loc": {
        "start": {
          "line": 1,
          "column": 1
        },
        "end": {
          "line": 1,
          "column": 1
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "type": "ExpressionStatement",
      "expression": {
        "type": "AssignmentExpression",
        "operator": "=",
        "left": {
          "type": "Identifier",
          "name": "v0",
          "loc": {
            "start": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            },
            "end": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            }
          }
        },
        "right": {
          "type": "NumberLiteral",
          "value": 1,
          "loc": {
            "start": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            },
            "end": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            }
          }
        },
        "loc": {
          "start": {
            "line": 1,
            "column": 1
          },
          "end": {
            "line": 1,
            "column": 1
          }
        }
      },
      "loc": {
        "start": {
          "line": 1,
          "column": 1
        },
        "end": {
          "line": 1,
          "column": 1
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "type": "ExpressionStatement",
      "expression": {
        "type": "AssignmentExpression",
        "operator": "=",
        "left": {
          "type": "Identifier",
          "name": "v254",
          "loc": {
            "start": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            },
            "end": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            }
          }
        },
        "right": {
          "type": "BinaryExpression",
          "operator": "+",
          "left": {
            "type": "NumberLiteral",
            "value": 1,
            "loc": {
              "start": {
                "line": 1,
                "column": 1
              },
              "end": {
                "line": 1,
                "column": 1
              }
            }
          },
          "right": {
            "type": "Identifier",
            "name": "v0",
            "loc": {
              "start": {
                "line": 1,
                "column": 1
              },
              "end": {
                "line": 1,
                "column": 1
              }
            }
          },
          "loc": {
            "start": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            },
            "end": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            }
          }
        },
        "loc": {
          "start": {
            "line": 1,
            "column": 1
          },
          "end": {
            "line": 1,
            "column": 1
          }
        }
      },
      "loc": {
        "start": {
          "line": 1,
          "column": 1
        },
        "end": {
          "line": 1,
          "column": 1
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "type": "ExpressionStatement",
      "expression": {
        "type": "AssignmentExpression",
        "operator": "=",
        "left": {
          "type": "Identifier",
          "name": "c",
          "loc": {
            "start": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            },
            "end": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            }
          }
        },
        "right": {
          "type": "Identifier",
          "name": "v254",
          "loc": {
            "start": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            },
            "end": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            }
          }
        },
        "loc": {
          "start": {
            "line": 1,
            "column": 1
          },
          "end": {
            "line": 1,
            "column": 1
          }
        }
      },
      "loc": {
        "start": {
          "line": 1,
          "column": 1
        },
        "end": {
          "line": 1,
          "column": 1
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "type": "ExpressionStatement",
      "expression": {
        "type": "AssignmentExpression",
        "operator": "=",
        "left": {
          "type": "Identifier",
          "name": "v254",
          "loc": {
            "start": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            },
            "end": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            }
          }
        },
        "right": {
          "type": "Identifier",
          "name": "undefined",
          "loc": {
            "start": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            },
            "end": {
              "line": 1,
              "column": 1
            }
          }
        },
        "loc": {
          "start": {
            "line": 1,
            "column": 1
          },
          "end": {
            "line": 1,
            "column": 1
          }
        }
      },
      "loc": {
        "start": {
          "line": 1,
          "column": 1
        },
        "end": {
          "line": 1,
          "column": 1
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "type": "ReturnStatement",
      "argument": {
        "type": "Identifier",
        "name": "undefined",
        "loc": {
          "start": {
            "line": 1,
            "column": 1
          },
          "end": {
            "line": 1,
            "column": 1
          }
        }
      },
      "loc": {
        "start": {
          "line": 1,
          "column": 1
        },
        "end": {
          "line": 1,
          "column": 1
        }
      }
    }
  ],
  "loc": {
    "start": {
      "line": 1,
      "column": 1
    },
    "end": {
      "line": 1,
      "column": 1
    }
  }
}