HiCool

The HiCool R/Bioconductor package provides an end-to-end interface to process and normalize Hi-C paired-end fastq reads into .(m)cool files.

1. The heavy lifting (fastq mapping, pairs parsing and pairs filtering) is performed by the underlying lightweight hicstuff python library (https://github.com/koszullab/hicstuff).
2. Pairs filering is done using the approach described in Cournac et al., 2012 and implemented in hicstuff.
3. Cooler (https://github.com/open2c/cooler) library is used to parse pairs into a multi-resolution, balanced .mcool file. .(m)cool is a compact, indexed HDF5 file format specifically tailored for efficiently storing HiC-based data. The .(m)cool file format was developed by Abdennur and Mirny and published in 2019.
4. Internally, all these external dependencies are automatically installed and managed in R by a basilisk environment.

Processing .fastq paired-end files into a .mcool Hi-C contact matrix

The main processing function offered in this package is HiCool(). One simply needs to specify:

• The path to each fastq file;
• The genome reference, as a .fasta sequence, a pre-computed bowtie2 index or a supported ID (hg38, mm10, dm6, R64-1-1, WBcel235, GRCz10, Galgal4);
• The restriction enzyme(s) used for Hi-C.

library(HiCool)
x <- HiCool(
    r1 = '<PATH-TO-R1.fq.gz>', 
    r2 = '<PATH-TO-R2.fq.gz>', 
    restriction = 'DpnII,HinfI', 
    genome = 'R64-1-1'
)

## HiCool :: Recovering bowtie2 genome index from AWS iGenomes...
## HiCool :: Initiating processing of fastq files [tmp folder: /tmp/RtmpARIRQo/DZ28I8]...
## HiCool :: Mapping fastq files...
## HiCool :: Best-suited minimum resolution automatically inferred: 1000
## HiCool :: Remove unwanted chromosomes...
## HiCool :: Generating multi-resolution .mcool file...
## HiCool :: Balancing .mcool file...
## HiCool :: Tidying up everything for you...
## HiCool :: .fastq to .mcool processing done!
## HiCool :: Check /home/rsg/repos/HiCool/HiCool folder to find the generated files
## HiCool :: Generating HiCool report. This might take a while.
## HiCool :: Report generated and available @ sample^mapped-R64-1-1^DZ28I8.html
## HiCool :: All processing successfully achieved. Congrats!

x

## CoolFile object
##   .mcool file: sample^mapped-R64-1-1^55IONQ.mcool
##   resolution: 1000
##   pairs file: sample^55IONQ.pairs
##   metadata(3): log args stats

Output files

## HiCool/
## |-- sample^mapped-R64-1-1^55IONQ.html
## |-- logs
## |   |-- sample^mapped-R64-1-1^55IONQ.log
## |-- matrices
## |   |-- sample^mapped-R64-1-1^55IONQ.mcool
## |-- pairs
## |   |-- sample^mapped-R64-1-1^55IONQ.pairs
## `-- plots
##     |-- sample^mapped-R64-1-1^55IONQ_event_distance.pdf
##     |-- sample^mapped-R64-1-1^55IONQ_event_distribution.pdf

Reporting

On top of processing fastq reads, HiCool provides convenient reports for single/multiple sample(s).

x <- importHiCoolFolder(output = 'HiCool/', hash = '55IONQ')
HiCReport(x)

Installation

As an R/Bioconductor package, HiCool should be very easy to install. The only dependency is R (>= 4.2). In R, one can run:

if (!require("BiocManager", quietly = TRUE)) install.packages("BiocManager")
BiocManager::install("HiCool")

The first time a HiCool() function is executed, a basilisk environment will be automatically set up. In this environment, few dependencies will be installed:

• python (pinned 3.9.1)
• numpy (pinned 1.23.4)
• bowtie2 (pinned 2.4.5)
• samtools (pinned 1.7)
• hicstuff (pinned 3.1.5)
• cooler (pinned 0.8.11)

HiCExperiment ecosystem

HiCool is integrated within the HiCExperiment ecosystem in Bioconductor. Read more about the HiCExperiment class and handling Hi-C data in R here.

• HiCExperiment: Parsing Hi-C files in R
• HiCool: End-to-end integrated workflow to process fastq files into .cool and .pairs files
• HiContacts: Investigating Hi-C results in R
• HiContactsData: Data companion package
• fourDNData: Gateway package to 4DN-hosted Hi-C experiments